Entrez ID	Official symbol	Synonyms	Description	Location	Type of protein	External annotation
5320	PLA2G2A	MOM1, PLA2, PLA2B, PLA2L, PLA2S, PLAS1, sPLA2	phospholipase A2 group IIA	1p36.13	protein-coding	Genecard

uniprot_summary

refseq_summary

Catalyzes the calcium-dependent hydrolysis of the 2-acyl groups in 3-sn-phosphoglycerides (PubMed:2925633). Thought to participate in the regulation of phospholipid metabolism in biomembranes including eicosanoid biosynthesis. Independent of its catalytic activity, acts as a ligand for integrins (PubMed:18635536, PubMed:25398877). Binds to and activates integrins ITGAV:ITGB3, ITGA4:ITGB1 and ITGA5:ITGB1 (PubMed:18635536, PubMed:25398877). Binds to a site (site 2) which is distinct from the classical ligand-binding site (site 1) and induces integrin conformational changes and enhanced ligand binding to site 1 (PubMed:25398877). Induces cell proliferation in an integrin-dependent manner (PubMed:18635536).

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the phospholipase A2 family (PLA2). PLA2s constitute a diverse family of enzymes with respect to sequence, function, localization, and divalent cation requirements. This gene product belongs to group II, which contains secreted form of PLA2, an extracellular enzyme that has a low molecular mass and requires calcium ions for catalysis. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of the sn-2 fatty acid acyl ester bond of phosphoglycerides, releasing free fatty acids and lysophospholipids, and thought to participate in the regulation of the phospholipid metabolism in biomembranes. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants with different 5 UTRs have been found for this gene.

Caregory	Description	Value	Value range ( Low - High )	Comment
PLI	The probability of being loss-of-function (LoF) intolerant	0.398	[0, ..., 1]	Genes with high pLI scores (pLI ≥ 0.9) are extremely LoF intolerant, whereby genes with low pLI scores (pLI ≤ 0.1) are LoF tolerant. The score is calculated based on high-quality exome sequence data (ExAC) for 60,706 individuals of diverse ethnicities.
Haploinsufficiency (HI) score rank	Predicted probability of exhibiting haploinsufficiency		[100, ..., 1]	High ranks (e.g. 0-10%) indicate a gene is more likely to exhibit haploinsufficiency, low ranks (e.g. 90-100%) indicate a gene is more likely to NOT exhibit haploinsufficiency (DECIPHER, PMID: 20976243). haploinsufficiency means a single functional copy of a gene is insufficient to maintain its normal function and is extremely intolerant of LoF variation.
Gene brain expressed	Queried gene is expressed in brain tissues	Flase	[False, True]	The gene expression data are extracted from GTEx v7 and BrainSpan. A gene with the expression value of (log 2 based (TPM+1)) at least 1 TPM/RPKM/FPKM in one or more tissues related to the brain is considered brain-expressed.
Protein brain expressed	Queried protein is expressed in brain tissues	True	[False, True]	The protein expression data are extracted from ProteomicsDB (v2018.09). A protein with the expression value of (log based 10 (iBAQ intensity)) at least 0.5 in one or more tissues related to the brain is considered brain-expressed protein.
Carrying LoF DNMs	Number of loss-of-function DNMs hit the queried gene	0 (Case)	[0, ..., 67] with average of 0.160	Loss of function (LoF) mutations include frameshift indels, nonsense (stop-gained) and splice-site mutations, which can result in the gene product having less or no function and can have deleterious consequences.
		0 (Control)	[0, ..., 6] with average of 0.044
Carrying missense DNMs	Number of missense DNMs hit the queried gene	0 (Case)	[0, ..., 55] with average of 0.846	Missense mutations can result in changes in protein sequences, but are commonly considered to have less deleterious impacts than LoF mutations.
		0 (Control)	[0, ..., 21] with average of 0.300
FMRP binding targets	FMRP inteacting parters	False	[False, True]	FMRP loss of function causes Fragile X syndrome (FXS). The binding targets identified crosslinking immunoprecipitation (HITS-CLIP) in mouse brains (PMID:21784246). Many FMRP targets are among genes implicated in different neuropsychiatric diseases, such as autism, schizophrenia.
Postsynaptic density (PSD)	Protein associates with postsynaptic membranes of excitatory synapses	False	[False, True]	Abnormalities with PSD proteins are linked to various neuropsychiatric diseases including neurodevelopmental disorders.
Human essential genes	-	False	[False, True]	Genes are thought to be critical for human survival.